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Eurasian Academy Of Sciences Social Sciences Journal Yýl:2018  Sayý: 17  Alan: Halk Bilimi

Neþe IÞIK
MUHSÝN KADIOÐLU’NUN “NAR ÜLKESÝ ENDÜLÜS’ÜN SON YILLARI” ADLI ROMANINDA HALK BÝLÝMÝ UNSURLARI
 
“Nar Ülkesi Endülüs’ün Son Yýllarý” adlý eser, 15. yüzyýlda Ýspanyollar tarafýndan Ýspanya’dan kovulan Müslüman ve Yahudilere, Türklerin nasýl yardým eli uzattýðýnýn gerçek hikâyesini anlatan Muhsin Kadýoðlu’nun kaleme aldýðý tarihî bir romandýr. Romanda, bir yandan Ýspanyollarýn, Müslüman ve Yahudilere yaptýðý zulüm anlatýlýrken bir yandan da Kemal Reis’in hikâyesi nakledilir. Ýspanyollarýn Endülüs’teki Müslümanlara karþý giriþtikleri “Yeniden Fetih”(Reconquista) siyaseti, tüm bu yaþanmýþlýklar edebî eser kurgusuyla romana aktarýlýrken halk bilimi unsurlarýndan da oldukça fazla yararlanýlmýþtýr. Gelenekten beslenen halk kültürü sözlü gelenekte var olurken, edebî eserlerin bünyesinde, yazýnýn gücüyle de yarýnlara taþýnýr. Millî ve manevî pek çok deðeri özünde barýndýran halk kültürü, hemen her dönemde edebî eserlere esin kaynaðý olmuþtur. Edebî bir yapýtta hangi konunun önemsendiði kadar eserin hangi kaynaklardan beslendiði de oldukça önemlidir. Muhsin Kadýoðlu, edebî eserlerinde millî ve manevî deðerleri yapýtlarýnýn öne çýkan meseleleri olarak ele alýrken tarihî ve coðrafi bilimleri, halk kültürü unsurlarýný bir harmoni içinde sentezleyerek okuyucuya sunmayý baþaran bir yazardýr. “Nar Ülkesi Endülüs’ün Son Yýllarý” adlý roman, iþlediði konu itibariyle yaþandýðý dönemin çerçevesiyle sýnýrlý kalmayýp Türk-Ýslam tarihi açýsýndan olduðu kadar dünya tarihi açýsýndan da bugün de güncelliðini koruyan çok önemli bir meseleyi ele almasý bakýmýndan önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalede, “Nar Ülkesi Endülüs’ün Son Yýllarý” adlý romanýn beslendiði köklerden halk bilimi unsurlarý; menkýbe, efsane, memorat, formülistik sayý, geçiþ dönemleri, ad verme, totemizm, lakaplar, giyim-kuþam, halk inanýþlarý gibi folklorik ögeler tespit edilecek ve bu unsurlarýn tahlili yapýlacaktýr.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Muhsin Kadýoðlu, Nar Ülkesi Endülüs’ün Son Yýllarý, Yeniden Fetih(Reconquista), Folklor


FOLKLORIC ELEMENTS IN THE NOVEL NAMED “THE LAND OF POMEGRANATE THE LAST YEARS OF ANDALUSIA” BY MUHSÝN KADIOÐLU
 
"The Land of Pomegranate The Last Years of Andalusia" is a historical novel written by Muhsin Kadýoðlu, telling the true story of the Turks helped the Muslims and Jews who were expelled from Spain by the Spaniards in the 15th century. In the novel, while the Spaniards’ persecutions against the Muslims and Jews is told on one hand, the story of Kemal Reis is narrated on the other hand. While the "Reconquista" politics of the Spaniards against the Muslims in Andalusia and all these experiences were ransferred to the novel through literary work, folkloric elements were also exploited quite a lot. Folk culture fueled by traditions continues its existence in oral tradition, but it is also transferred to the future with the power of writing through literary works. Folk culture, which has many national and spiritual values in its essence, has been a source of inspiration for literary works in almost every period of the history. In a literary work, which sources are used is very important as well as which subjects are taken into consideration. While Muhsin Kadýoðlu approaches to the national and spiritual values as prominent topics in his literary works, he also succeeds in presenting the historical and geographical sciences to the reader by synthesizing the elements of folk culture in a harmony. The novel, “The Land of Pomegranate The Last Years of Andalusia", is important not only in terms of the period in which it is lived but also in terms of its addressing a very important issue that maintains its update in regard to Turkish-Islamic history as well as world history. In this article, the folkloric elements such as folk songs, folk stories, legends, memorat, formative numbers, transitional periods, naming, totemism, nicknames, clothing and folk beliefs were determined from the roots of the novel named “The Land of Pomegranate The Last Years of Andalusia” and were analyzed.

Keywords: Muhsin Kadýoðlu, The Land of Pomegranate The Last Years of Andalusia, Reconquista, Folklore.


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